Numerical simulation of nonlinear dispersive waves propagating over a submerged bar by IB–VOF model     

Linwei Shen  Eng-Soon Chan 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(2-3):319-328

It is a good test for a numerical model to simulate progressive waves propagating over a submerged bar with a relatively high ratio of slopes. In this paper, the combined IB–VOF model is used to predict nonlinear dispersive waves propagating over a submerged bar with both slopes of 1:2. The predicted free surface elevations are compared with the experimental data and numerical results presented by other researchers. The comparison shows that the IB–VOF model is able to provide satisfactory wave profiles in the shallow water with strong nonlinear effects and in the wave transmitted region with strong wave dispersion in particular. Moreover, the wave evolution behind the submerged bar is described in detail, including the spatial wave profile modulation, spectral analysis of the time-series waves, flow velocity and pressure fields, and kinetic energy distribution. The effect of fluid viscosity on the numerical simulations is also studied, and it is found that the effect on the wave evolution considered in this paper is not significant. Finally, the hydrodynamic force acting on the bar is calculated using the IB–VOF model.  相似文献   

Rainfall intensity and inflow rate effects on hillslope soil erosion in the Mollisol region of Northeast China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Leilei Wen  Fenli Zheng  Haiou Shen  Feng Bian  Yiliang Jiang 《Natural Hazards》2015,79(1):381-395

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三峡水库运行初期的泥沙淤积特点   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李文杰  杨胜发  付旭辉  肖毅 《水科学进展》2015,26(5):676-685

针对三峡蓄水运行后的泥沙淤积问题,基于实测资料,采用输沙率法和断面法分析了三峡水库运行初期的泥沙淤积特点.结果表明:三峡水库2003—2013年泥沙淤积总量为15.31亿t,平均排沙比为24.5%,均较论证阶段降低;库区泥沙淤积主要分布在常年回水区的宽谷和弯道河段,宽谷段全断面发生淤积、弯道断面流速较小一侧淤积、峡谷无累积性淤积;常年库区近坝段泥沙淤积速度逐年减小,而上段泥沙淤积速度则呈增大趋势;淤积物粒径沿程分选不明显,常年回水区淤积物中值粒径多在0.01 mm以下.库区峡谷段深泓线无明显变化、尚未出现泥沙淤积三角洲、库尾泥沙淤积上延和尾水抬高不明显,据此初步推断峡谷河段存在富余挟沙力而成为局部侵蚀基准面,整个库区将无统一平衡比降的趋势.  相似文献   

川北早寒武世碳酸盐岩台缘斜坡沉积特征及变形构造形成机制探讨   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

沈骋  谭秀成  李凌  施开兰  苏成鹏  连承波  黎虹玮  肖笛 《古地理学报》2015,17(3):321-334

基于对川北米仓山西部旺苍县鼓城乡唐家河下寒武统仙女洞组露头剖面的观察与镜下分析发现,仙女洞组下段由生物碎屑泥晶灰岩(L)、粉砂质泥岩(M)、似瘤状砾屑灰岩(L')、角砾灰岩(R)、藻凝块灰岩(A)和含生屑钙质砂岩(S)组合而成,其以角砾灰岩、似瘤状砾屑灰岩和藻凝块灰岩为特征,且发育异地岩块和滑塌变形构造。进一步分析认为:L-M岩石组合为正常的斜坡环境低能沉积;L'-R岩石组合中的角砾灰岩为上斜坡生物灰泥丘崩坍滑动至下部而形成的,似瘤状砾屑灰岩可能是由于L-M岩石组合快速沉积导致沉积物失稳滑动变形、上斜坡生物灰泥丘崩落角砾致使的差异压实和滑动、以及后期物质成分差异引起的压溶作用等共同作用的结果,从而使灰质层发生破碎并被泥质包围形成断续的砾屑状,甚至轻微的位移,进而形成条带特征不明显的杂乱变形构造;微生物岩(Mb)组合为上斜坡的灰泥丘沉积;S-M岩石组合为斜坡上部的浊流沉积。根据上述分析结果建立米仓山西部仙女洞组碳酸盐岩台缘斜坡沉积模式,表明仙女洞组沉积早期米仓山西部存在台缘斜坡相沉积。  相似文献   

西沙石岛生物礁的矿物组成及其环境指示意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

翟世奎  米立军  沈星  刘新宇  修淳  孙志鹏  曹佳琪 《地球科学》2015,40(4):597-605

通过对西科1井岩心碳酸盐岩样品进行矿物组成分析, 来研究礁体的发育过程和古海洋环境的变化.初步研究结果表明: 西科1井岩心碳酸盐岩的矿物由低镁方解石、高镁方解石、文石和白云石组成.矿物组成特征表明, 井深35.4 m处为一重要的地层界面或环境变化界面.在岩心(井深0~748 m)中共识别出5个白云岩层, 其中上新统莺歌海组一层(井深: 289.3~312.3 m, 厚约23 m), 上中新统黄流组三层(分别位于井深: 373.3~412.7 m, 厚约39.4 m; 424.7~450.6 m, 厚约26.1 m; 469.70~564.96 m, 厚约95.2 m), 中中新统梅山组一层(井深: 615.20~636.96 m, 厚约21.7 m).各层的白云岩化程度不尽相同, 5层白云岩中白云石矿物含量的最大值在79.3%~100%之间.生物礁的发育主要受控于古海洋环境的变化, 与古气候变化有关的海平面升降间接地控制了岛礁碳酸盐岩的白云岩化作用.石岛西科1井中的5层白云岩应该是在较长时间稳定环境条件下发育而成, 主要应该是蒸发泻湖渗透回流作用下早期形成的方解石类碳酸岩白云岩化的结果, 但并不排除混合水白云岩化作用的可能性.   相似文献   

黄海、东海区域漫衰减系数光谱遥感反演及激光测深性能评估     

李凯  童晓冲  张永生  哈长亮  申二华 《遥感学报》2015,19(5):761-769

本文在总结和比较中国现有黄海、东海海域漫衰减系数反演算法的基础上,利用水色测量数据分析得到漫衰减系数Kd(532)与Kd(490)之间的关系,为激光测深系统(以CZMIL为例)的性能评估提供了基础。利用MODIS二级数据产品评估了中国黄海、东海海域在CZMIL海道测量模式下最大可测水深的空间分布。研究结果表明CZMIL在黄海、东海海域可测水深基本在0—50 m,该区域的面积占研究区域面积的比例为76.2%,为浅海海域开展激光测深作业提供了测深能力评估的依据和方法。  相似文献   

云南省地理信息产业发展现状与对策研究     

刘利  孙威  管谌  曹会超 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(2):21-23,26

在分析云南省地理信息产业发展现状和面临新形势的基础上,提出了云南省地理信息产业发展思路、优先发展领域和支持与服务措施。  相似文献   

Monitoring cyanobacteria-dominant algal blooms in eutrophicated Taihu Lake in China with synthetic aperture radar images     

王甘霖  李俊生  张兵  申茜  张方方 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(1):139-148

Monitoring algal blooms by optical remote sensing is limited by cloud cover.In this study,synthetic aperture radar(SAR) was deployed with the aim of monitoring cyanobacteria-dominant algal blooms in Taihu Lake in cloudy weather.The study shows that dark regions in the SAR images caused by cyanobacterial blooms damped the microwave backscatter of the lake surface and were consistent with the regions of algal blooms in quasi-synchronous optical images,confirming the applicability of SAR for detection of surface blooms.Low backscatter may also be associated with other factors such as low wind speeds,resulting in interference when monitoring algal blooms using SAR data alone.After feature extraction and selection,the dark regions were classified by the support vector machine method with an overall accuracy of 67.74%.SAR can provide a reference point for monitoring cyanobacterial blooms in the lake,particularly when weather is not suitable for optical remote sensing.Multi-polarization and multi-band SAR can be considered for use in the future to obtain more accurate information regarding algal blooms from SAR data.  相似文献   

DEM analyses of crack propagation in flawed rock mass under uniaxial compressionEI北大核心CSCD     

Jiang Ming-jing  Zhang Ning  Shen Zhi-fu  Chen He 《岩土力学》2015,(11):3293-+

A contact model for rock is established and imbedded into a DEM software by summarizing the bond granule tests. DEM simulation of uniaxial compression test on the pre-cracked Lac du Bonnet granite is performed, and then stress distributions are further analyzed and compared with the theoretical results. Different fracture criteria are employed to predict the crack initiation angles that are compared with theoretical ones. The results show that the failure modes obtained from DEM simulation are similar to experimental results, and stress distributions in DEM simulation are qualitatively similar to theoretical values. When the angle of pre-crack is small, the lateral stresses are compressive and tensile. The compressive strains concentrate at two edges, resulting in the tensile strains in the up-and downward cracks. When the angle of the pre-crack is large enough, the stress concentration is unobvious, leading to a discrepancy between the DEM and theoretical results. The crack extension angle resulting from uniaxial compression measured from DEM tests are in good agreement with those acquired from experimental tests. These angles are consistent with theoretical predictions by the maximum circumferential stress criterion and the maximum energy release rate criterion.  相似文献   

Shell model representation as a substitute of LoD3 for 3D modeling in CityGML     

Hongchao Fan  Bo Mao  Jie Shen  Liqiu Meng 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,14(2):79-84

The OGC standard for 3D city modeling is widely used in an increasing number of applications.It defines five consecutive Levels of Detail(LoD0 to LoD4 with increasing accuracy and structural complexity),in which LoD3 includes all exterior appearances and geometrical details and subsequently requires much storage space.A new LoD is introduced as shell model with the exterior shell of the LoD3 model and the opening objects like windows,doors as well as smaller faade objects are projected onto walls.In this paper,a user survey is presented.The results of this survey show that the shell model can give users almost the same visual impression as the LoD3 model.Furthermroe,algorithms are developed to extract the shell model from LoD3 model.Experiments show that this shell model can reduce up to 90% storage of the original LoD3 model.Therefore,on one hand it can be used as a substitute for a LoD3 model for the visualization on small displays.On the other hand,it can be treated as a sub-level of detail(SLoD3) in CityGML,since it retains almost the same amount of information but requires much less storage space.  相似文献